A species of Black Carpenter Ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus) was observed to be a significant pollinator of Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk. The present paper describes the pollination mechanism of a terrestrial and endangered orchid species, H. lanceum The flowers were observed as self-compatible but mainly cross-pollinated. As the flowers are nectarous, these were frequently visited by a variety of insects. The presence of a large number of flowers in H. lanceum enhanced the attraction of pollinators towards them. The pollinators visited the flowers many times for foraging. Four species of insects (1 species of black carpenter ant loaded with pollinia, 2 species of unknown fly, and 1 species of crab spider) were found visiting the flowers. Since, the transfer of pollinarium, from anther to stigma, took place through the dorsal surface of the head (occiput) of the pollinator ant, the mode of pollination is Nototribic. As a single individual of ant was observed to pollinate a large number of flowers in its single visit to the inflorescence, the rate of pollination and fruit set was very high in H. lanceum. Interestingly, it was observed that the frequency of insect visit decreased as the day passed by.