Stereochilus erinaceus (Rchb.f.) Garay (Orchidaceae) has been collected from Arunachal Pradesh and is being reported here as new distributional record for India. It was earlier known to occur at Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. A detailed description, illustrative photoplate along with information on phenology, habitat, and distribution has been provided for easy identification of the species. The species is closely allied to S. arunachalensis K. Chowlu & A.N. Rao. Its relationship with other species of Stereochilus known from India has been discussed and keyed out. Its threat status in Indian perspective has also been assessed as per IUCN guidelines and conservation measures have been proposed.