• Email: tosi1984@gmail.com

Smithsonia maculata, an epiphytic and endemic orchid of Western Ghats region is vulnerable due to its poor fruit set and seedling establishment in the natural habitats, hence there is an urgent need for its micropropagation, and eco-restoration. Eight month old capsules showed 50% viable seeds and about 70% of these seeds germinated on Mitra et al. (1976, M) medium supplemented with organic additives. Coconut water (20%) as an additive supported vigorous growth of protocorms with deep green pigmentation and upon their subculture (90 days old) on M medium supplemented with coconut water (20%) or casein hydrolysate (0.05%), these protocorms developed into seedlings complete with roots and leaves in 2-3 months. Partially expanded leaves with meristematic base, separated from aseptically grown seedlings were also cultured on M medium fortified with 10 mgl-1 BAP and 1 mgl-1 IAA; this nutrient combination induced an average of 11.25 shoots/leaf in 6-9 months. Woody plant medium (Lloyed and McCown, 1980; WPM) enriched with 5% banana pulp induced early rooting of shoots in 2-3 months. The rooted plantlets and seedlings showed 90% and 63% establishment respectively in community pots and on tree trunks, in the garden site. Plants reinforced at Karamana river of Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary showed 48% survival after one year. The pilot trial on restoration through micropropagation is useful for further reintroduction and population enhancement for practical conservation of Smithsonia maculata.