Orchid flowers employ a bewildering array of clever strategies aimed at maintaining pollinator interest. These include visual and olfactory cues (e.g., colours, patterns, chemical fragrances etc.) and a reward that consists of sugar-rich nectar, oils, and/or waxes. Information on orchid nectar has been scanty especially concerning the types of sugars present and their percentages. The present paper reports the chemical compounds present in a rare North American terrestrial orchid, Platanthera integrilabia (Correll) Luer, for the first time. In August of 2023, during peak flowering, nectar samples from two different natural populations were collected in Kentucky and subsequently analyzed in the laboratory using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Three sugars were detected: sucrose, fructose, and glucose. The ratio of sucrose to fructose to glucose was 45.1:4.6:1.0, respectively. For sucrose to hexose, the ratio was 8:1, and for fructose to glucose the ratio was 4.6:1.0. Using GC/MS, the presence of other compounds, namely ribitol and gluconic acid was detected. An assessment of amino acids by HPLC-DAD demonstrated the presence of glutamic acid, glycine, and leucine. The morphology of P. integrilabia floral parts, coupled with lower sugar content, and low sucrose/hexose ratios recorded by the present study, clearly point to Lepidoptera pollination especially by hawk moths (Sphingidae), and to a lesser extent, larger butterflies (Hesperiidae, Papilionidae).