The paper deals with diversity, distribution pattern, phyto-associates and conservation of orchids at Bandli Wild Life Sanctuary (WLS), Himachal Pradesh, North West Himalaya. Vast altitudinal variation (750-2160m amsl) in this Protected Area (PA) has resulted in occurrence of 9 ground growing orchid species that are chiefly distributed between 1100-2000 m altitude. Habenaria with 4 species is the best represented genus and is followed by Herminium (2 species), and Epipactis, Gastrodia and Nervilia (1 species each). Majority of the orchids occupy either steep grassy slopes or narrow open hilltops with scattered trees and shrubby elements; only Habenaria marginata was recorded from a low altitude locality along the sides of a seasonal water channel. Collection of fuel wood and fodder, and grazing are main anthropogenic activities that might affect normal growth and regeneration of orchids in the sanctuary.