THE HIMALAYAS has attained aunique position owing to its large altitudinal range, steep gradient, diverse habitats, snow capped mountains, complex geological structure, and rich flora.The Indian Himalayan region (IHR) as awholesupports nearly 50%of the total flowering plants in India, of which 30% flora is endemic to the region. It isone of the megadiverse regions of India and supports about 8,500 flowering plants (Singhand Hajra, 1996).This region is one of the largest vaults of orchids. Orchidaceae is considered asthe second largest family of flowering plants, with estimatesof 705 genera(POWO, 2023) and 29,481 species (WFO, 2023) with more than 1,50,000 man-made hybrids (De and Pathak, 2020; Prakash and Pathak, 2020a).These plants rank amongst the most significant ornamental plants, known for the beauty, colour combinations, and shapeof their flowers and have always been interesting to evolutionary biologists because of their remarkable floral forms and diversity in pollination systems (Prakash and Pathak, 2020b, 2022). Orchids are widely distributed in the tropical,sub-tropical,temperate, sub-alpine, and alpine regions in all continents except Antarctica, but reach their maximum diversity in the humid tropical regions. Orchidaceaecovers the 6.8%of the flowering plants in India (Samant, 2002) along with over 1,256 species belonging to 155genera (Singh etal., 2019).