ON THE Northern district of Mayurbhanj in the state of Odisha, lies Similipal,a compact mass of hillforest which is very rich in flora and fauna. Its subtropical location, physiography(hill ranges 600-1100 m), moderately high rainfall {2,249 mm in 124 raindays) has adored the hills with thick forests of tropical moist deciduous, semi evergreen and evergreen type. More importantly, its geology is unique in the sense that water retention capacity of the subsoilis very high.This has given birth to numerous perennialwater courses, small and big, and keepsthe atmospherealways moist. Theaverage relative humidity is 75% to 91% (mean 83%) at 0600 hrs and 81%-93% (mean 87%) at 1800 hrs. Such a situation favours growth of arboreal plants like orchids. Orchidaceae isahighly evolved groupof flowering plants that is still under active state of speciation. Similipal formed a congenial nichefor such a procedure to take place. This event must have taken hundreds of years. Massive deforestation for timber exploitation here over a long period of time inthe past has left the forest with poverty of vegetation. Drastic change inthe vegetation (supporting orchids) withinthe past 50 years is markedly visibletoday. What we seetoday inthe orchid population is onlythe remnants of thefloraof a by gone era, although Similipal has today the credit of being a NationalPark, a Tiger Reserve, and a Biosphere Reserve.Five endemic speciesof orchids have beenreportedfrom such asmall geographicalarea, out of the 12 numbers known from the Odisha state. Occurrence of these endemic species has been reported periodically; two of these being published {2007 and 2022) in books. Itwas hencefelt to putthese reports inone place. Morphologicaldescriptions supported with scientific illustrations of the important componentsare provided along with a key to thespecies. The bibliography at the end provides details of the publication.